Factor Valuations: Current vs Historical 

What’s cheap, what’s expensive?

Nicolas Rabener
10 min read
7 Jul 2025

SUMMARY

  • Some factors are trading at historically low valuations
  • Cheap stocks are cheap, high momentum and profitable ones are expensive
  • However, it also depends which valuation multiple is used

INTRODUCTION

Cliff Asness of AQR Capital Management has been vocal for several years about traditional equity factors – like value – trading at historically cheap levels. More recently, a team at Research Affiliates echoed a similar sentiment, noting that many smart beta strategies appear attractively priced, stating, “we expect nearly every investing style featured here to outperform.”

But how do we determine whether a factor is cheap or expensive?

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