Long-Short vs Long-Only Factor Investing

These are comparable, right?

Nicolas Rabener
10 min read
14 Sep 2026

SUMMARY

  • Long-short and long-only factor returns vary significantly
  • Differences are attributable to portfolio construction
  • Matters more for some factors than others

INTRODUCTION

Academic research on equity factor performance would lead most investors to focus on the low volatility factor. Data from AQR’s data library shows that this factor, taking Betting-Against-Beta (BAB) as a proxy, has generated the highest returns since 1930: an excess return of 7.4% per annum, compared to 6.2% for momentum, 2.9% for value, and 2.2% for size.

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